Pneumatic tool.



UNE@ SAVS All?? HQE,

HERMAN LEINEWEBERJ, or SOUTH CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSI'GNOR or ONE.

I-IALF rro w. M. BAYNE, or OHIOAOO, ILLINOIS.

Panoramic Toor...

Specication of Letters Patent. v

Patenten march 12,1907.-

Appncation nea Novembe're, 190e. vannum.@42,1794

, T aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERMAN LEINEWEBER,

A a citizen ofthe `United States, residing at 'South Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of illinois, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement inPneumatic Tools, of

"which the followin is aspecication.

My yinventionl re atesto anim rovement which a piston confined in a'barrel is reciproagainst ,its opposite endsinto chambers convtained inthe barrel and between which the piston Works to hammer .a-chisel, a riveting,

or other tool in its path extending from an .end of the barrel and it relates more particu.-v ia'rly to the construction of .the piston and that ofthe barrel of such a pneumatic tool.

The primary object of this invention is'to provide a novel construction of valveless neumatic-tool whereby the advantage shall lie afforded of along stroke of the piston without requiring to that end .that the proportions of theparts shall besuch as to render the dimensions and weight of the implement greater than the conventional size and weight of the ordinary'pneumatic tool in the same class. A further object is to enable the piston to be introduce'd with either end foremost into place in the barrel, with the advantage of rendering its introduction proof -against carelessness on the part of users of the tool, who are liableto insert wrong-end foremost into its barrel a piston which is adapted to be properly introduced therein only with one of its ends foremost.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure'l is a broken view in elevation, mainly sectional, of a pneumatic tool embodying my improvements and Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are sections taken, respectively, at the lines2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 on Fig. 1 and viewed as indicatedby arrows.

The barrel shown is of known general form, involving the dylindrical body 7, into one end of which is inserted the tool proper,

8, with a hollow head 9 fastened about the rear end portion and carrying the handle 10 of a usual or -any suitable construction, pro- .vided with a thumb-lever 11 for controlling Ithe admission of air-pressure into the barrel' to work a piston therein, an air-chamber 12 being formed in the forward end pore tion of the body 7 and the head containing.

, wall, where each 1s closed by a 4cated at 23) to the same depth as t e passages the larger air-chamber 13, into which projects centrally the hollow boss 14 for cushioning the back stroke of the piston. f

The piston 15 is" a solid piece of metal, preferably ofthe cylindrical shape represented and contains' near its ends the circumferential. feed-.grooves 1'6 and.17. Except at these grooves the iston lits accurately about the interior of t e .barrel-section 7. It is .important for the purposes hereinafter explained that the longer portion' of the solid piston extending between the feed-grooves shall be of uniform diameter throughout.

A plurality (preferably three, as shown) of holes forming air-passages 18 arel bored at' at equal distances apart about the interior of the barrel. Similarly holes, preferably to the same number as those first named, vare bored in said wall 'to form air-passages 20,

.extending from the outer end of the wall,

where they open into the chamber 13 to' points about midway between the two aircharnbers, each terminating at its inner end in a port 21, extending laterally into the interior of the barrel, these ports being thus also at equal distances apart about the interior of the barrel. Similar holes, preferably to the same number as those in each of the other sets, arebored'in said wall to form air-passages 22 extending from the outer end of the lug (indi- 20, wherethey terminate in ports24, extending laterally into the interior of the barrel, also at equal distances apart, andfroni each of these last-named passages at a less depth therein there extends into the interior of the barrel a port 25, like and alining with a port 24. At 26 and 27 are provided exhaust-ports` in the barrel. As will be observed, the passages 18 are shown relatively narrow, since less pressure is required in the chamber 12 to return the piston than inthe chamber 13 to advance it.

The actuating air-pressure is supplied by Way of a passage 28, formed in the barrelsection 9 to communicate at one and with the ico air-pressure supply (not shown) and near-its 1 ,ports 31'y lead yeach to 'a passage 22.-

. As represented in-Fig. 1, the piston is at the end of itsforward stroke, at which it hammers against the end ofthe stem of the tool-8, and in reachingv which its advance end passes `vthrough a guide-bearing 32, which may be formed about the wall of the chamber y12 and is provided at intervals withtransverse slots 33 to afford communication between thev two parts of the chamber separated by the bear.- 1ng. 4

To operate the tool, the actuating airpressure is admitted to the passage 28 and by, way of the port 29 into the channel 30, whence it enters through the ports 31 and, 18a in to the passages 18. piston the ports 25 ofthe .passages 22 register with the piston-groove 17 andfthrough the latter open at the ports 18l into the passages 18, throu h which Athe air-pressure` passes into the c amber 1,2 and drives the'piston backward, exhaustingl through the ports 26 when the iston clears them inl its back stroke. T e resultant position of the piston causesit to-close thev ports 25 and registers its forward'groove 16 with the ports 424 of the passages 22 to admit thepressure into lthat groove, which also theny registers with the ports 21 of the passages'20'opening into the chamber 13 to introduce the 'pressure therein for driving the piston forward, the

pressure exhausting through theports27 as the .piston clears them.

' yFrom the foregoing explanation of the op-' eration it will be understood that the ,pasa

sages 22, while the -air-pressure supply is open, feed the'pressure alternately to the c amber 12, throughthe ports 25, grooves 17 ports 18'?, and .passages -18 vand to the chamber 13 'through the ports 24', groove 16, ports 21, and passages 2Q. 4'

My improvements render the constrliction of the pneumatic tool simplel and very durable. The imperforate or'solid construction of thepiston adds greatlyto the durability of the implement, not only because of. its inherent strength, but. beause of'its reversibility, whereby whenone end is'worn with use by hammering the otherl end may be used for the purpose, thusA practically dour' bling the life of the piston.` The 'ressurefeed grooveslland 17=beingfforme as they preferably'are', at the same distance-from the respectively adjacent pistonend permit this reversed use,"and theend portions andinter'- mediate portion of uniform diameter effect- -ively closel communication between the "chambersg12and -13, and the ports are effectively closed by the intermediate lportion"- when it covers them'. The function ofthe,

In that position of the f grooves about thel pistonis to afford-communication withxthe air-pressure supply of the two pressure-chambers valternately through the air-passages in the barrel leading,A respectively,- to one chamber in one extreme position of the piston and, to the other chamer in the other extreme position of the piston.v y

The features of more particular peculiarity. in the constructionv herein shown and. described are the following: The long section' of the solid piston between the feed-grooves near its Aends alone controls the opening and closure ofthe ports 25 and 24, by which the driving air-pressure' is admitted alternately to the opposite air-chambersl 12 and 13. Depending on `the relative proximity tol each other of themembers of each pair of the ports 25 24, the intermediate section of the piston may be relatively longer or shorter than represented; but with these twosets of ports sulicientl close together to cause the rear portion lo this section of the piston at the end of the forward stroke of the latter, to coverand thus close. the set of ports 24', while/the groove 17 registers with the ports 25, and to cause the forward portion of this section ofthe piston atthe end of the back stroke of the-latter to4 cover and thus close the set of orts 25, while the groove'l 16 registers with) stroke of the piston maybe obtained.. The described relative disposition about the pis` ton of the portsY 18a, 24,and 25 with the members of each set thereof-at equal or's'ubstantiallyequalf distances apart is also .ofv y importance.

of the solid piston for attaining .the desired long stroke, any material-pressure ofthe air exerted through ports and thus laterally against the surfaceof the section of thepiston which closes' them would, unless such pressure were uniformly, or substantially so,.dis-

with the result -of impairing the-force ofthe I stroke b the ensuing friction.l All'tendency" to such inding vis lavoided by disposing'the of at least'l three, at equaldistances apart about the piston, since Vthereby the alr-jpressure exerted laterally against it is uniform.

ling the piston in its `movements and 'rendering the strokefree from undue friction.

What I claim as new, and desire/:to secureby Letters Patent, is-r' 1. In a valveless pneumatic toch-'the comlfeed 'passage leading into saidbarrel and airpressure, air-pressure passagesfin barrel-wall leading in oppositedirectlonsrespectively, flnto said chambers; said passages having ports "openingintov the vinterior ofthe bar- Owing to the length required;

tributed aboutit, bind it against the barrel,

members ofeach set of theseports, consisting from all directions, with'the'eflectof'balancn binationof a barrel containing air-chambers 1n its opposlte end portions, an air-pressurecommunicating with the'. supply of actuating :V2 5 throughout, said piston having like endpor- 4o-ng into the rear air-c amber,

rel and 'disposed at substantially equal distances apartabout the same, and an imperforate reciprocating piston in said vbarrel working between said chambers and prolvided near each end with a circumferential pressure-feed groove, with the long sectionv etween said grooves of uniform diameter throu hout,` for the purpose set forth. l

2. n a valveless pneumatic tool, thecom- 1o bination of a barrel containing air-chambers in. its opposite end portions, an air-pressurefeed passage leading into said barrel and communicating with the supply of actuating air-pressure, air-pressure'passages in the barv rel-Wall leading in op osite directions',respec tively, into said cham ers, said passages having ports opening into'the interiorfof thel "barrel and 4disposed at substantially equal distances apart about the same, and a solid 2o reciprocatin piston in the barrel working between sai chambers and provided near its ends with circumferential ressure-feed grooves, with the long section etween said grooves of substantially uniform diameter tions and being invertibly insertible and operative in the barrel, for the purpose set forth. s 3. In a valveless pneumatic tool, the com- 3o bination of a barrel containing airchambers in its opposite. end portions, an' air-pressure?. .supply passage in the barrel-Wall, pressurefeed passages in said wall leadingfrom said I supply-passage to 'the interior of the barrel, 3 5 air-pressure passages in saidwall'communieating with said supply-passages and leading to the forward airchamber,airpressure passages in said wall communicating at their inner ends with said sup lyA-passagesl and lead- 'ports opening from each set of said airepressure passages laterally into the interior of the' barrel and disposed at substantially e ual intervals apart about the same, and a so id reciprocat- 4 5 ing pistonin the barrel working between said chambers and provided ear each end Witha circumferential pressur -feed groove, with the long. section between said grooves of unifo'rm diameter throughout, for the purpose 5o set forth.

, registering thepurpose 4. In a valveless pneumatic toolnlihe' combination of a barrel containing air-'chambers I in its opposite end portions, an air-pressuresupply passagelin the barrel-wall, a pressure"l -ing withl said groove and provided at their inner ends with ports opening laterally into the interior of thev barrel at substantially uniform distances apart about the same, air

pressure passages in said wall communicating with said ports. and leading to the forward air-chamber, air-pressure passages in said wall having ports at their inner ends at substantially uniform distances apart about thesame and leading at -their outer .ends to the rear air-chamber, and a solid reciprocating piston in the barrel Working between said chambers and providednear each end with a circumferential pressure-feed groove, with the long section between said groove, of umform diameter throughout, forv the purpose set forth.

5. In .a valveless pneumatic tool, the combination of a barrel containing air-chambers in its opposite end portions, an air-pressuresupply passage in the barrel-Wall, a pressurefeed groove formedabout the interior of said Wall and into which said lassage leads, pressure-feed passages in said) and provided with orts at varying depths in them leading into t e barrel at substantially uniform distances'apart about the same, air pressure passages near their inner ends at substantial y uni- Wall communieating near their outerv ends with said groovel forniydistances a art about the barrel and with t e outermost of saidfirstnamedports and leading to the forward air. chamber, air-pressure passages in said wall' having ports at their inner ends in the plane of the innermost of said first-named ports and at substantially uniform distances apart about the barrel and leading at their outer' ends to the rear-air-chamber, and a solid reciprocating tween said c ambers and provided near each end. with a circumferential ressure-feed groove, with the ,long section etween said iston in the. barrel working be- IOO grooves of uniform diameter throughout, for

set forth. s Y HERMAN LEINEWEBER.

vIn presence of J. H. LANDES,

C. W. WASHBURNE.

85 in said wall havin ports 

